Conditions · FAQ
What causes acne, and why does it affect both teens and adults?
Short answer
Acne starts when hair follicles clog with oil and dead skin cells. Bacteria and swelling can then lead to inflamed spots. Hormone changes, family history, and some skin products can play a role. Acne affects adults as well as teens, and it is not simply caused by dirty skin.
Acne forms inside hair follicles, which are tiny openings in the skin. Oil and dead skin cells can collect and block these openings. A closed plug forms a whitehead. An open plug forms a blackhead. The dark color is not dirt. Bacteria and swelling can also contribute to red bumps, pimples, and deeper lumps.
Hormone changes can increase oil production. This helps explain why acne often starts during the teen years but may continue or begin in adulthood. Family history, certain medicines, and oily or pore-clogging products can also play a role. Friction from tight gear may make some areas worse.
Acne does not mean you are unclean. Scrubbing hard or washing too often can irritate your skin. A simple routine with gentle cleansing and products labeled noncomedogenic, meaning they are less likely to clog pores, is a reasonable starting point. A licensed physician in your state can review your symptoms and decide whether prescription treatment is appropriate.
Sources
Written by the Verra clinical team · Medical review pending
General information, not medical advice. If you're in crisis, call or text 988.