What is dry mouth (xerostomia), and what symptoms can it cause?

Dry mouth, or xerostomia, is the feeling that your mouth is too dry. It often happens when your salivary glands do not make enough saliva. Sometimes, people feel dry even when saliva flow is not clearly reduced. Saliva keeps the mouth moist, washes away food, and helps protect tooth enamel.

Common symptoms include a sticky feeling, thick saliva, a rough tongue, cracked lips, or a dry throat. Food may taste different. You might need water to swallow crackers or bread, or wake at night because your mouth feels dry. Bad breath and problems speaking can also occur.

Dry mouth is more than a comfort issue when it keeps happening. Too little saliva can make cavities, gum problems, and oral yeast infections more likely. A licensed physician or dentist in your state can review your symptoms and possible causes. Keep up with dental care even if your teeth do not hurt. Persistent dryness deserves a check rather than being brushed off as normal aging.